Numbers to Roman numerals and back — instant, with validation.
Type in either box — the other updates instantly. Roman numerals are checked against the standard form, so mistakes like IL or IIII are flagged.
| Symbol | I | V | X | L | C | D | M |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Value | 1 | 5 | 10 | 50 | 100 | 500 | 1000 |
| Subtractive | IV | IX | XL | XC | CD | CM | — |
| Value | 4 | 9 | 40 | 90 | 400 | 900 | — |
2026 is MMXXVI: MM = 2000, XX = 20 and VI = 6. Build the number place by place — thousands, then hundreds, then tens, then ones — and join the parts together.
Roman numerals only allow a smaller numeral to subtract from the next two sizes up: I can precede V or X, X can precede L or C, and C can precede D or M. So 49 = XL (40) + IX (9) = XLIX. IL is not a valid standard form.
3,999 (MMMCMXCIX). Standard Roman numerals have no symbol for 5,000 or 1,000,000 and M can repeat at most three times, so 3,999 is the largest number in the classic system without a vinculum (overline).
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